Show only the lines in a file containing a given substring: grep substring file
Case insensitive search: grep -i substring file
Showing all the lines but the ones containing a substring: grep -v substring file
Search through all the files in a directory: grep -r substring dir
Sort lines in a given file: sort file 
Sort lines, only display duplicate ones once: sort -u file (unique)
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Commands for Handling files and directories

Create a directory:  mkdir dir Create nested directories: mkdir -p dir1/dir2Changing...
Listing files

List all “regular” files (not starting with .) in the current directory:lsDisplay a long...
Displaying file contents

Concatenate and display file contents:cat file1 file2Display the contents of several files...
File name pattern matching

Concatenate all “regular” files: cat *Concatenate all “hidden” files: cat .*Concatenate all files...
Commands for changing file access rights

Add write permissions to the current user:chmod u+w fileAdd read permissions to users in the file...